Objective To investigate the distribution, species, and seasonality of ticks and rodents and detection of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) in vectors and hosts. Methods In seven counties of Zhejiang province, the free ranging ticks were collected by flagging and the parasitic ticks were collected from the host skin by hand searching on a 3-month basis of 2013. Rodents were captured by squirrelcage method. The specimens of liver and spleen were collected with sterile operations. The SFTSV nucleic acid in the viscera of rodents and in the ticks were detected by fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR. Results A total of 751 ticks were collected, consisting of 2 families, 5 geniuses and 6 species, including 439(58.5%) Haemaphysalis longicornis, which were the predominant species in Zhejiang province. The ticks species distribution varied in different counties in Zhejiang province (χ²=1198.409, P < 0.05). Ticks were active from March to October and the peak was in the second 3-month of the year. The total number of captured rodents was 1078, the rodentia belonged to 13 species in 7 genera in 3 families. The insectivora belonged to 2 species in 2 genera of 2 families. The predominant captures were 355(32.9% ) of Apodemus agrarius and 326(30.2% ) of Eothenomys melanogaster. The distribution of the rodent species also varied in different counties in Zhejiang province (χ²=1623.480, P < 0.05). The results were negative in RNA detection of SFTSV in the specimens of ticks and rodents by RT-PCR. Conclusion The vectors and the host animals of SFTSV were found in Zhejiang province. But the vectors and the possible hosts need further studies.

Objective To investigate the infection source of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) cases and provide the scientific information for control and prevention of SFTS. Methods The clinical and epidemiological history for 2 cases was investigated and the host animals (rat, sheep, dog) and tick were monitored. The rodent liver and spleen specimens and ticks were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the rat shape animal serum and goat serum antibody was detected by ELISA. Results Case B was diagnosed as mild case based on clinical symptom and pathogen detection results. Epidemiological investigation showed that case A had no tick exposure history, probably infected during the nursing period. Serological investigation of the results showed that the village had previous or recessive infection. And the domestic and wild animal (rat) in this village carried ticks. All the results hint that this village was novel bunyavirus natural focus. Conclusion Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome can spread through contact. Close contact patients should strengthen individual protection.

Objective To evaluate the application of 5S-23S rRNA and outer ospA genes in PCR?based detection of Borrelia burgdorferi and to investigate the infection with B. burgdorferi in rodents of Zhejiang province, China. Methods PCR was used to amplify 5S-23S rRNA and ospA gene fragments from 100 mice collected from different areas of Pan’an county. PCR products were purified and sequenced. Results Of the 100 mice investigated, 3 were positive for 5S-23S rRNA gene of B. burgdorferi and 5 for ospA gene of B. burgdorferi. The sequences of PCR products were found with high homology to the reference genes. Conclusion B. burgdorferi can be detected from rodent samples by PCR amplification of 5S-23S rRNA and ospA genes.

Objective To detect the infection of Babesia protozoa in rodents in Chun’an county, Zhejiang province. Methods The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to detect the liver and spleen samples of 106 rodents from Chun’an county and the positive ones were sequenced, followed by phylogenetic analysis. Results It was found that there were three positive samples, 2 of which were obtained from Rattus tanezumi and one of which from R. norvegcus. The sequences of the positive samples were of high similarity with those from Babesia, with the rates of similarity being both 99% . Conclusion DNA segments of Babesia can be detected from rodents in some mountain areas of Zhejiang province, indicating that it is likely that there exists infection of rodents with Babesia in the area.

Objective To establish a mce gene-based PCR detection method for the analysis of mce gene conservation of Leptospira interrogans and its bioinformatics. Methods The NCBI/Blast and NCBI/Cds online database was used for the search of the conserved functional domain in the mce gene and its specificity, with TMHMM Server-2.0 employed for the prediction of the transmernbrane regions of the encoded protein. The segments of entire mce gene from L. interrogans strain lai were amplified by PCR and then sequenced, with the sequence of cloned mce gene compared with the reported sequence of mce gene (GenBank accession No.: NP_712236) by DNAStar. The genome DNAs from the 13 prevalent strains of L. interrogans in China were used as the templates for the validation of the mce gene-based PCR detection method. A comparative analysis of the amplified mce gene products from different strains was also accomplished based on their sequences and a phylogenetic tree was generated from the presumed sequences of amino acids. Results The results of bioinformatic analysis showed that there was a mce super family conservation functional domain that was associated with adhesion and invasion of pathogens in the mce gene from L. interrogans. It was clear that there was a L. interrogans transmembrane structure in mce. High homology sequences of mce gene were present in L. interrogans, with the similarities of nucleotide sequences of mce gene from different L. interrogans strains more than 95%. Conclusion The mce gene with conservation specifically exists in different pathogenic L. interrogans strains, and it has a transmembrane structure and a super family functional domain that is associated with L. interrogans adhering to and invading their host cells.

Objective To identify Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato infection of rodents in Pan’an county, Zhejiang province. Methods The ospA gene specific fragments from 128 mouse liver and spleen samples were detected using the PCR method and the positive samples were sequenced, followed by phylogenetic analysis. Results It was found that there were four ospA gene positive fragments out of the 128 samples, of which 3 fragments were obtained from Rattus losea and the other one was from Apodemus peninsulae. The 4 positive fragments shared high similarity with each other in terms of the sequences and shared high identities with B. valaisiana. Conclusion B. burgdorferi sensu lato can be detected from samples using the ospA gene. There exists B. burgdorfer sensu lato infection in rodents in some mountain areas of Zhejiang province, and B. valaisiana is found to be predominant.

Objective To determine the indoor effects of the auto-sensing acousto-optical rodent repeller placed on a ship rope for further research and application. Methods Food baits were placed on a common ship rope extending diagonally indoor to attract starving rats. As the subject rodents approached the baits, the autosensing acousto-optical rodent repeller was triggered right before the immediate contact. The whole course of rodent movements and triggered repelling performance was monitored and recorded. Results The repeller was sensitive to any mobile subject at a distance of 50 cm. Once automatically triggered, it forced the starving rats to abandon the food close by and escape instantly (within one second). Conclusion The auto-sensing acousto-optical rodent repeller installed on a common ship rope indoor has sensitive, strong and fast repelling effects on rodents in its sensible area with repeatable and reliable effects.

【Abstract】 Under the support of asp program and structured query language（SQL） Server 2000 database management system, the information system on vector specimen was established by ADO data accessing technology and SQL query technology based on the data collected from the health department and the quarantine department. The system was made up of basic information database, specimen photo database and user information database. The information management system not only could take charge of the database, but also offered services to the ordinary users. It had good service function, which included that it had a friendly interface and it could inquire accurately and fuzzily. The system provided detailed information of vector specimens for the health/quarantine departments and the ordinary users, realizing the share of vector specimen information, which would be applied widely in the future.

Objective To study the pathogenic bacteria of Blattella germanica intercepted and captured in ports of Fujian province. Methods Bacteria were separated with selected culture medium, and then identified by PCR amplification, sequence analysis of 16S rRNA gene fragments. Results Five species of conditional pathogenic bacteria were detected, they were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella ornithinolytica, Proteus vulgaris, Aeromonas veronii and Serratia marcescens based on the sequence homology more than 98% comparison with the published sequences. Pneumonia, abscess, peritonitis, meningitis, endocarditis and blood poisoning could be caused by these pathogenic bacteria. And one of them was deathful. Conclusion There are many conditional pathogenic bacteria in Blattella germanica intercepted and captured in ports of Fujian province.